Fluid-pressure power-transmission apparatus.



J. W. HALL.

FLUID PRESSURE POWER TRANSMISSION APPARATUS. APPLICATION mum IAB. 14.1903.

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No. 803,584. PATENTED NOV. 7, 1905. J. W. HALL. FLUID PRESSURE POWERTRANSMISSION APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14. 1903.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14. 1903.

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, W IZGSJGS/ 1 j e t'f l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN WILLIAM HALL, OF BRIXTON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO HALLS- TRANSMISSIONGEAR SYNDICATE, LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

FLUID-PRESSURE POWER-TRANSMISSION APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. '7, 1905.

Application filed March 14, 1903. Serial No. 147.706.

To all whom, it 772/002] concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN WILLIAM HALL, engineer, of 15 Holland road,Brixton, in the county of Surrey, England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in or Relating to Fluid-Pressure Power-TransmissionApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hydraulic variabletransmission mechanism ofthe kind in which two sets of cylinders are employed and the variationin the drive is obtained by varying the capacity of one set ofcylinders, the pistons of which are connected by rods or otherwise to acrank or its equivalent so carried that its throw can be varied from themaximumto Zero, in which latter position it operates as a stud andimparts no movement to the pistons with which it is connected, while inthe former position no driving action takes place. The cylinders, whichin both sets correspond in-number, are all carried in the body or casingof the mechanism, and the motorcylinders when their pistons are movingto their full extent preferably have capacities equal to thepump-cylinders. Preferably motion is imparted to the mechanism throughthe casing from the source of power, which latter maybe of anyappropriate kind. Connecting-rods or their equivalent fixed to thepistons in the pump-cylinders engage with an eccentric or its equivalenton the driven member, which is preferably a shaft passing entirelythrough the gear and adapted to carry upon either or bothof its ends themeans by which the power is transmitted to its destination. Thisembodiment of gear is particularly applicable to high-power electriclocomotives and will herein be described as so applied, it beingunderstood that the invention is not limited to this particularapplication.

Vith reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, by way ofexample, particular ways in which the invention can be carried intoeffect, (but the details and general arrangement of the apparatus may begreatly modified without departing from the spirit of the invention,)Figure 1 is a sectional plan of one embodiment of the gear in accordancewith this invention. Fig. 2 is a similar View of a modifiedconstruction; Fig. 3, a cross-section on an irregular line 3 3 in Fig. 1through one each of the different pump and valve chambers of thehydraulic variable-transmission mechanism, and Fig. 4 a broken sectionon line A in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the gearing between thegear-ring K and shaft K Like letters of reference indicate like parts inboth constructions.

A is the driven shaft; B, the stationary frame, to which is convenientlyconnected the stator elements S of the electric motor.

O is a support or trunnion which at one side supports the casing D,carrying the pump-cylinders D and the motor oradjuster cylinders G.

E is a chamber for a controlling-valve F, placed between each pair ofcylinders D and G.

The internal shaft A, as above stated, extends entirely through thewhole mechanism and is supported in bearings B in the frame B. Thetransmission device's carried by the shaft A consist conveniently of twocranks A,

set, preferably, at an angle of ninety degrees to each other and adaptedto receive couplingrods the other ends of which can take the crank-pinson the driving-wheels of the locomotive. However, any form ofconnectinggear between the cranks A and the locomotive-wheels may beemployed-for example, spur-wheels or chain-wheels.

The stator elements S of the electric motor are carried by the frame B,and the rotor elements R are carried at or near each end of the casingD. The current for the motor can be taken up from a live rail in thewell-known manner or can be generated onthe locomotive by means of aninternal-combustion engine driving a dynamo or in any other suitablemanner.

The single-acting pump-cylinders D are convenientlythree in number,disposed radially at angles of one hundred and twenty degrees around theshaft A and having each a piston D to which a connecting-rod D isattached by a pin D* and engages with an cecentric or crank A on theshaft A.

Each piston D carries on its outer end a spring-loaded non-return valveD and seated in a chamber or passage D in a diaphragm D is a similarvalve D operating in an opposite direction to the valve D The cylindersD are open at their inner ends to communicate with the interior of thecasing D. The passage D leads from the end of the pump-cylinder to thevalve-chamber E, in which works the slide-valve F, controlling thesupply of liquid between the cylinders D and Gr, and this valve isoperated by mechanism hereinafter described.

The valve F is hollow and connected to its operating-rod F by a pin F".It is provided with ports or openings F in its walls and also with anannular groove F. In the position shown the valve is in position topermit fluid to pass from one of the cylinders G by a port G and throughthe ports F* into the interior of the valve, passing thereafter throughthe central opening F therein and over the inner end of the valve backinto the crank-chamber in the casing D.

The fluid supplied from one or other of the pumps is passed by thedescent of the hollow piston D from its lower or crank-chamber sidethrough the valve D" to its upper side and on the return stroke of thepiston is forced through the valve D into an adjuster-cylinder G by wayof the circulation-passage G which extends entirely round the apparatusconnecting the chambers D The passage Gr is, as shown more clearly inFigs. 3 and 4:, continuous, and passages G, lying within passage Gextend from said passage at points adjacent to chambers D and valves Fto the adjacent adjuster-cylinders G. Passage G lies between the pumpand valve cylinders and only turns aside, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4,to avoid the adjuster-cylinders. The view in Fig. 3 is from the left inFig. 1. Each passage G acts as a supply and exhaust passage for anadjuster-cylinder G, valve F connecting the same alternately with pressu repassage D G and the exhaust to the crankchamber.

The power and speed adjuster cylinders Gr have a maximum capacity equalto that of the pump-cylinders D, and in each cylinder G is anadjuster-piston H, connected by a rod H to a crank or eccentric J,carried on the end of a hollow shaft J. This shaft J is mounted so as torotate eccentrically with regard to the general axis of rotation X Y ofthe apparatus within the trunnion or support C, carried on the frame B.The shaft J, which is bored for the passage of the shaft A, forms whatfor convenience will be hereinafter referred to as the secondary shaftand is normally prevented from rotating.

The eccentricity of the secondary shaft J relatively to the axis of thetrunnion C, which is also the axis of rotation of the apparatus, and thethrow of the crank J relatively to the actual longitudinal axis of thesecondary shaft J are equal to each other, and therefore by rotatingthis shaft within its bearing in the trunnion C the radial distance ofthe crankpin J from the axis of rotation X Ythat is to say, itseffective throwcan be varied from the maximum distance to at], thelatter condition obtaining when the secondary shaft J is so far rotatedas to bring the axis of the crank-pin J into coincidence with the axisof rotation X Y. On the outer end of the shaft J is keyed or otherwisefixed a worm-wheel J adapted to be operated by a worm in the well-knownmanner, so as to rotate the shaft Within its bearing, the worm-gearingalso 1 serving to prevent its accidental rotation. On

the sleeve J of the worm-wheel J is mounted a gear-ring K, which isnormally held to rotate in company with the wheel J and through an idlepinion K operates a pinion K, mounted on the end of a shaft K which iscarried in a bore in the trunnion C. On the other end of the shaft K ismounted a pinion K", which is disposed in a recess in the trunnion (Jand gears with an internally-toothed ring K on an eccentric K", to whichare operatively connected the rods F for operating the valves F.

The gearing between the worm-wheel J 2 and ring K is such that for eachmovement of the Wheel J the ring is moved only half that distancethat isto say, when the wheel has been moved through its full distance of halfa revolution to vary the stroke of the piston H the ring K has onlymoved through a quarter of a revolution to provide the necessaryadjustment of the valves F relatively to the port communicating with thecylinders and crankchamber.

The direction of rotation of the driven member is reversed by rotatingthe casing D in the opposite direction when the casing is the drivingmember, and in order to permit this it is preferable to readjust thevalves F. The adjustment of the valves F to put the mechanism inposition for reversing requires to be made independent of the pistons Hor the wheel J and this is accomplished by rotating the shaft Kindependently of the shaft J. Various devices may be employed for thispurpose for example, by throwing the idle pinion K out of gear or bydisconnecting the ring K from the wheel J or the adjustment may be madeby rotating the shaft J through an entire revolution, which,as abovedescribed,

will cause the eccentric carrying the crankrods F to move through half arevolution.

The part of the casing D which forms a crank-chamber for the crank-pinsA and J is filled with a circulating fiuidsay oiland D D, D, and D areworking joints packed by means of stuffing-boxes or otherwise to preventa leakage of the circulating fluid. This fluid also fills thepump-cylinders D, the interior of the valve-chests E, in which thevalves F operate, the outer ends of the adjuster-cylinders, and thecirculation-passages, so that when the casing is rotated the pumppistonsD shall circulate this fluid from the crank-chamber containing thecrank-pins A and J through the various passages. The casing rotates atone end on a suitable bearing on the shaft A and at the other endrotates on the shaft C.

\Vhen the casing D is rotated and the motion will be obtained.

taken from the shaft A, any variations in speed the whole way frommaximum down to nothing are obtained in atruly positive manner withoutany loss of power by simply varying the throw of the eccentric J, andtherefore the capacity of the cylinders G-that is to say, the gear is atruly variable one, starting from nothing with a practicallyirresistible turning effort and gradually rising to full speed with asteady diminution of turning power till the lowest turning effort due tofull speed is obtained.

The casing D turns about the axis of rotation X Y, and the pistons H andconnecting-rods H rotate about another axis which can, as above stated,be made eccentric to or concentric with the axis X Yin order that thepistons H shall have a variable reciprocatory movement relatively to thecylinders G, the amount of reciprocation being dependent upon theeccentricity of the crank-pin J to the axis of rotation X Y.

If the shaft J be rotated so that the crank J is at full throw, andtherefore the capacities of the cylinders G are equal to thepump-cylinders D, and assuming that a resistance is ap-. plied to theshaft A sufiicient to cause it to resist the frictional turning power ofthe pump parts tending to turn it round, when the casing is rotated nodriving action will be transmitted to the shaft, since the oil pressedoutof one cylinder as the piston is forced into it merely passes intoanother cylinder of equal capacity, and therefore beyond any slightturning effort due to friction no useful results If, however, the crankJ be turned into an intermediate position, which may be assumed to behalf the throw of the eccentric, the stroke of the adjuster-pistons Hwill be reduced, and consequently the receiving capacity of thecylinders Gr will be lessened, so that they are no longer capable ofreceiving all the oil which the pump-pistons are end eavoring to forceinto them. This being the case and the driving effort on the casingbeing maintained so that it continues to rotate, the pumpconnecting-rodsD exerting their power on the eccentric A of the shaft A,force it round at a speed difierent from the speed of rotation of thecasing and cylinders and, due to the amount of oil that has to beaccommodated somewhere, between the two sets of cylinders. As this oilcannot be accommodated in the cylinders G, the shaft A, forming theabutment by which the pump-pistons D are worked, gives way by turninground.

The power applied to the casing will set up a pressure in the cylindersD and also a corresponding pressure in the cylinders G. As the leverageon the pistonsin the cylinders G is only half the leverage on thepistons in the cylinders D, the tendency of the cylinders G to assistthe rotationof the casing round in the same direction is only half thatwhich is tending to hold it back at A. Therefore the power applied tothe casing only requires to be half what would be necessary if thecasing were not assisted by the pressure in the cylinders G. As,however, the power applied to the casing is constant, there is at Adouble what would otherwise be the case.

A further movement of the crank Jand consequent reduction in thecapacity of the cylinders G by the further entry therein of the pistonsH causes the shaft A to move faster, and so on with each furtherrotation of the crank or eccentric J until the maximum speed is reached,when the receptive capacity of the cylinders Gr ceases, when the shaftand easing will rotate as one piece.

When the eccentric J is at its axis of rotation concentric with the axisX Y, then the cylinders Gr, having no'operative leverage, cannot aid therotation of the casing. Therefore the pump-cylinders cannot deliver anyfluid, which, being practically incompressible, transmits the rotativeeffort of the casing D to the crank-pin A through the pistons D andconnecting-rods D, causing the shaft A to rotate at the full speed ofthe casing. In other words, the pump-cylinders being full of oil drawnfrom the crank-chamber and the receiving capacities of theadjuster-cylinders being lessened, the oil which cannot leak back to thecrank-chamber through the pumpvalves reacts on the pump-pistons andovercomes the resistance of the shaft A, which is thereby rotated at aspeed which increases with each adjustment of the crank until the shaftA and easing D rotate as one. Obviously the maximum turning effortexists when the crank J is only very slightly less than at fulleccentricity. It is to benoted that with this gear the pressure forequal power rises as the speed of the driven part falls.

A convenient modification of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 2, in whichthe shaft A passes through a bore in a shaft L, which in thisconstruction is mounted concentric with the shaft A and carries at itsouter end the wormwheel J Mounted concentrically on the shaft L is abush or trunnion M, having at its inner end an eccentric M and preventedfrom rotating by boltsM or drag-links attached to the frame B andentering holes in a collar on the trunnion.

On the eccentric end M of the trunnion is mounted the eccentric J, towhich the connecting-rods H of the adjuster-pistons H are connected, andthis eccentric is operated by rotating this shaft L, to which it isconnected by means of an Oldham coupling.

It is to be understood that the details above described may be greatlyvaried without departing from the spirit of the invention, all

that is necessary being that the adjustable crank-pin J can be varied inposition so as to impart the full movement or no movement at all to thepiston which it controls.

hen the mechanism is employed to rotate an axle or shaft requiring atone time or another that its opposite ends should rotate at differentspeeds, a balance-gear of any appropriate construction may be disposedwithin the crank or eccentric A. Conveniently the axle will then be madein two pieces, one of which is inclosed for part of its length withinthe other to form a bearing, both parts under normal conditions rotatingas one. Two wheels of the balance-gear may be conveniently carriedwithin the eccentric and the other wheels one on each part of the axleor shaft.

I claim 1. In a power-transmitting device the combination of a shaft,extending entirely through the device, and a rotary casing, constitutingthe driving and driven members, a pressurecreating device, such as apump, having one of its elements connected with the driven member andits cooperating element connected with the driving member, an adjusterin controllable communication with the pressure-creating device or pumpand controlling the movement of the driven member with means for varyingthe relative capacities of the pressure-creating device or pump and theadjuster.

2. In a power-transmitting device the combination of ashaft, extendingentirely through the device, and a rotary casing, constituting thedriving and driven members, a pressurecreating device, such as a pump,having one of its elements connected with the driven member and itscooperating element connected with the driving member, an adjuster incontrollable communication with the pressure-creating device or pump andcontrolling the movement of the driven member with means for varying therelative capacities of the pressure-creating device or pump and theadjuster, and a power device the rotor element of which is carried byone of said members of the transmitting device.

3. In a power-transmitting device,the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, and a rotary casing, constitutingthe driving and driven members, a pressure-creating device such as apump having one of its elements connected with the driven member and itscooperative element connected with the driving member, an adjuster incontrollable communication with the pressure-creating device or pump andcontrolling the movement of the driven member with means for varying therelative capacities of the pressure-creating device or pump and theadjuster, a magnetic rotor element on one of said members and a magneticstator element coacting therewith.

L. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, and a rotary working-fluid casingconstituting the driving and driven members, afluid-pressure-creatingdevice such as a pump one element of which is operatively connected withthe shaft and the cooperating element of which is movable and connectedwith the casing, a fluidpressure adjuster, in controllable communicationwith said pressure-creating device, the parts of which adjuster arerelatively adjustable to vary its mechanical advantage and possessing anelement operatively connected to and movable in unison with the saidcooperating element of the pressure-creating device, whereby a giventorque set up by the driving member can be transformed into torque ofdifferent values exerted upon the driven member, by the joint connectionof the pressure-creating device and adjuster and the body of workingfluid within them.

- 5. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotaryshaft, extending entirely through the device, and a rotary working-fluidcasing constituting the driving and driven members of afluid-pressure-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the shaft and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the casing, a fluid-pressureadjuster in controllable communication with the pressu re-creatingdevice,the parts of which adjuster are relatively adjustable to vary itsmechanical advantage and possessing an element operatively connected toand movable in unison with the said cooperating element of thepressure-creating device, whereby a given torque set up by the drivingmember can be transformed into torque of different values exerted uponthe driven member, by the joint connection of the pressure-creatingdevice and adjuster and the body of working fluid within them, and apower'device having a rotor element and a stator element to coacttherewith substantially as described.

6. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, a rotary workingfluid casing, apress Lire-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the shaft and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the casing, a fluid-pressureadjuster having two cooperating elements one of its elements beingconnected with the casing, a relatively fixed but adjustable crank-shaftwith which the other element of the adjuster is operatively connected,and a ductor ducts connecting the pump and adjuster.

7. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, a rotary workingfluid casing, apressure-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the shaft and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the casing, afiuid-pressure adjusterhaving two cooperating elements one of its elements being connected withthe casing, a relatively fixed but adjustable crank-shaft with which theother element of the adjuster is IIC IIf

operatively connected, a duct or ducts connecting the pump and adjuster,a magnetic rotor element on said casing and a magnetic stator elementcoacting therewith substantially as described.

8. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, a rotary casing, apressure-creating device such as a pump one element of which isoperatively connected with the shaft and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the casing, a fluid-pressureadjuster having two cooperating elements one of its elements beingconnected with the casing, a relatively fixed but adjustable crank-shaftwith which the other element of the adjuster is operatively connected. aduct or ducts connecting the pump and adjuster, and a power devicehaving a rotor element on said casing and a stator ele- V ment coactingtherewith substantially as described. I v

9. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, a rotary casing, afluid-pressure-creating device, such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected to the shaft and the cooperating element of whichis movable and connected with the easing, a fluid-pressure adjusterhaving two cooperating elements, one of its elements being connectedwith the casing, a relatively fixed but adjustably movable crank shaftwith which the other element of the adjuster is operatively connected, aduct extending from the pump to the adjuster and a controllingvalve inthe duct.

10. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, a rotary casing, afluid-pressure-creating device such as a pump one element of which isoperatively connected to the shaft and the cooperating element of whichis movable and-connected with. the casing, a fluid-pressure adjusterhaving two cooperating elements, one of its elements being connectedwith the casing, a relatively fixed but adjustablymovable crank shaftwith which the other element of the adjuster is operatively connected, aduct extending from the pump to the adjuster a controlling-valve in theduct, a magnetic rotor element on the casing and a magnetic statorelement coactin g therewith, substantially as described.

11. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the device, a rotary casing, a'fluid-pressure-creating device such as a pump one element of which isoperatively connected to the shaft and the cooperating element of whichis movable and connected with the casing, a fluid-pressure adjusterhaving two cooperating elements, one of its elements being connectedwith the casing, a relatively fixed but adjustably movable crank shaftwith which the other element of the adjuster is operatively connected, aduct extending from the pump to the adjuster, a controlling-valve in theduct, a power device having a rotor element on the casing and a statorelement coacting therewith, substantially as described.

12. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotaryliquid-holding casing, a rotary shaft extending entirely through thedevice, a pump-piston, a cylinder therefor, an adjuster-cylinder, apiston therefor, said casing having a conduit connecting thepumpcylinder and the adjuster-cylinder and rotating around a given axis,a fluidpower-trans mitting agent in said cylinders and conduits, wherebythe driving-piston drives the liquid and by liquid-pressure exerts forceagainst the casing, the traverse of one of said pistons being adjustableto vary the movement of the liquid, substantially as described.

13. In apower-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaftextending entirely through the device, a pump-piston, a

'*cylinder therefor, an adjuster-cylinder, a piston therefor, aliquid-holding casing having a conduit connecting the pump-cylinder andthe adjuster-cylinder and rotating around a given axis, a magnetic rotorelement R, a magnetic stator element 8 to coact therewith, afluid-power-transmitting agent in said cylinders and conduits wherebythe driving-piston drives the liquid and by liquidpressure exerts forceagainst the casing, the traverse of one of said pistons beingadjustableto vary the movement of the liquid, substantially asdescribed.

14. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary shaft,extending entirely through the mechanism, a pump-piston, a cylindertherefor, an adjuster-cylinder, a piston therefor, a liquid-holdingshell having a conduit connecting the cylinders and rotating around agiven axis, a power device having a rotor element and a stator elementto coact therewith, a fluidpowertransmitting agent in the cylinders andconduits, whereby the driving-piston drives the liquid and byliquid-pressure exerts force against the shell the traverse of one ofsaid pistons being adjustable to vary the movement of the liquid,-substantially as described.

15. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a plurality ofcompanion driving-pistons and a separate cylinder for each, allconnected to rotate in unison, a plurality of separateadjuster-cylinders rotating in unison with the pump-cylinders, a pistonfor each adjuster-cylinder, conduits extending from thedriving-cylinders to the adjuster-cylinders a distribution-valve foreach adjuster-cylinder, and a shaft extending entirely through themechanism.

16. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a plurality ofcompanion driving-pistons and a separate cylinder for each,

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all connected to rotate in unison, a plurality of separateadjuster-cylinders rotating in unison with the pump-cylinders, a pistonfor each adjuster-cylinder, conduits extending from thedriving-cylinders to the adjuster-cylinders a distribution-valve foreach adjuster-cylinder, a shaft extending entirely through themechanism, a magnetic rotor element R" and a magnetic stator element Scoacting therewith, substantially as described.

17 In apower-transmitting mechanism the combination of a plurality ofcompanion driving-pistons and a separate cylinder for each, allconnected to rotate in unison, a plurality of separate adjuster-cylinders rotating in unison with the pump-cylinders, a pistonfor each ad juster-cylinder conduits extending from thedriving-cylinders to the adjuster-cylinders a distribution-valve foreach adjuster-cylinder, a shaft extending entirely through themechanism, and a power device having a rotor element and a coactingstator element, substantially as described.

18. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination with a series of reciprocatorydriving-pistons of a rotary shaft extending entirely through themechanism and operatively connected with the pistons, cylinders for thepistons, a series of reciprocatory adjuster-pistons, cylinders for theadjuster-pistons, having a maximum capacity equal to the pump-cylinders,by varying which capacity the speed can be varied from maximum tonothing, and asingle rotary shell integral with and connecting all ofsaid cylinders and having ducts connecting said cylinders.

19. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination with a series of reciprocatorydriving-pistons of a rotary shaft extending entirely through themechanism and operatively connected with the pistons, cylinders for thepistons, a series of reciprocatory adjuster-pistons, cylinders for theadjuster-pistons, having a maximum capacity equal to the pump-cylinders,by varying which capacity the speed can be varied from maximum tonothing, a single rotary shell integral with and connecting all of saidcylinders and having ducts connecting said cylinders, a magnetic rotorelement and a magnetic stator element coacting therewith, substantiallyas described.

20. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid the combination with a series of reciprocatorydriving-pistons, of a shaft extending entirely through the mechanism andoperatively connected with the pistons. cylinders for the pistons, aseries of reciprocatory adjuster-pistons, cylinders for theadjuster-pistons, having a maximum capacity equal to the pump-cylinders,by varying which capacity the speed can be varied from maximum tonothing, a single rotary shell integral with and connecting all of saidcylinders and having ducts connecting said cylinders, and means forrotatingthe shell, substantially as described.

21. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination with a series of reciprocatorydriving-pistons, of a cranked shaft extending entirely through themechanism and operatively connected with the pistons, cylinders for thepistons, a series of reciprocatory adjuster-pistons, cylinders for theadjuster-pistons of equal maximum capacity to the pumpcylinders, anadjustable crank with which the pistons of the adjuster-cylinders areconnected, and a single rotary shell integral with and connecting all ofsaid cylinders and having ducts connecting said cylinders.

22. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination with a series of reciprocatorydriving-pistons, of a cranked shaft extending entirely through themechanism and operatively connected with the pistons, cylinders for thepistons, a series of reciprocatory adjuster-pistons, cylinders for theadjuster-pistons, an adjustable crank with which the pistons of theadjuster-cylinders are connected, a single rotary shell integral withand connecting all of said cylinders and having ducts connecting saidcylinders, a magnetic rotor element on said shell and a magnetic statorelement coacting therewith.

23. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination with a series of reciprocatorydriving-pistons of a cranked shaft extending entirely through themechanism and opertively connected with the pistons, cylinders for thepistons, a series of reciprocatory adjuster-pistons, cylinders for theadjuster-pistons, an adjustable crank with which the pistons of theadjuster-cylinders are connected, a single rotary shell integral withand connecting all of said cylinders and having ducts connecting saidcylinders and a power device having a rotor element on said shell and astator element coacting therewith.

24. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination of a reciprocatory drivingpiston and areciprocatory adjuster-piston and cylinders of equal capacities, forsaid pistons, a single rotary shell integral with and connecting thecylinders of said pistons and having ducts for the passage of fluidbetween the cylinders and between the casing and the cylinders, a shaftextending entirely through the mechanism and beyond each side of theshell, and a distribution-valve for controlling the passage of fluid,substantially as described.

25. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combination of a reciprocatory drivingpiston and areci procatory ad juster-piston and cylinders of equal capacities, forsaid pistons,

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a single rotary shell integral with and connecting the cylinders of saidpistons and having ducts for the passage of fluid between the cylindersand between the casing and the cylinders, a shaft extending entirelythrough the mechanism and beyond each side of the shell, a magneticrotor element on the shell and a magnetic stator element coactingtherewith, and a distribution-valve for controlling the passage offluid, substantially as described.

26. In a power-transmitting mechanism in which the power-transmittingagent is a fluid, the combinationof a reciprocatory drivingpiston and areciprocatory adjuster-piston and cylinders having equal capacities forsaid pistons, a single rotary shell integral with and connecting thecylinders of said pistons and having ducts for the passage of fluidbetween the cylinders and between the casing and the cylinders, a shaftextending entirely through the mechanism and beyond each side of theshell, a power device having a rotor element and a coacting statorelement and a distribution-valve for controlling the passage of fluidthrough the cylinders, substantially as described.

27. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarydriving-casing, a driven shaft extending entirely through the mechanismand beyond each side of the easing, a pump operatively connected withthe shaft, an adjuster communicating with the pump and having one of itselements connected with the casing, an adjustable crank-shaft with whichthe cooperating element of the adjuster is connected, and a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster.

28. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarydriving-casing, a driven shaft extending entirely through the mechanismand beyond each side of the easing and a pump operatively connected withthe shaft, an adjuster communicating with the pump and having one of itselements connected with the casing, an adjustable crank-shaft with whichthe cooperating element of the adjuster is connected, a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster, aneccentric controlling the operation of the valve, and a connectionbetween the crank-shaf t and the eccentric whereby the correlation ofthe valve with the adjuster is maintained.

29. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarydriving-casing, a driven shaft extending entirely through the mechanismand beyond each side of the easing and a pump operatively connected withthe shaft, an adjuster communicating with the pump and having one of itselements connected with the casing, an adjustable crank-shaft with whichthe cooperating element of the adjuster is connected, a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster, aneccentric controlling the operation of the valve, a connection betweenthe crankshaft and the eccentric whereby the correlation of the valvewith the adjuster is maintained, a magneticrotor element on the casingand a magnetic stator element coacting therewith substantially asdescribed.

30. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarydrivingcasing, a driven shaft extending entirely through the mechanismand beyond each side of the easing, a pump operatively connected withthe shaft, an adjuster communicating with the pump and having one of itselements connected with the casing, an adjustable crank-shaft with whichthe cooperating element of the adjuster is connected, a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster, aneccentric controlling the operation of the valve, a connection betweenthe crankshaft and the eccentric whereby the correlation of the valvewith the adjuster is maintained, and a power device having a rotorelement on said casing and a stator element coacting therewithsubstantially as described.

31. In apower-transmitting device the combination of a cranked drivenshaft extending entirely through the device, means at both ends of theshaft for transmitting the power to its destination, a rotary casing, apressurecreating device, such as a pump, having one of its elementsconnected with the casing and its cooperating element connected with theshaft, and an adjuster actuated by the pressure-creating device or pumpand controlling the movement of the driven member with means for varyingthe relative capacities of the pressure-creating device or pump and theadjuster to vary the speed from maximum to nothing.

32. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of acranked drivenshaft extending entirely through the apparatus and adapted to transmitthe power to its destination from both its ends, a relatively fixedcrankshaft a rotary casing having pump and adjuster-cylinders of equalmaximum capacity therein, a circulating system including the pump,adjuster-cylinder, and center of the casing, and pump andadjuster-pistons connected respectively with the cranked driven shaftand the relatively fixed crank-shaft.

33. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a crankeddriven shaft extending entirely through the apparatus and adapted totransmit the power to its destination from both its ends, a relativelyfixed crankshaft a rotary casing having pump and adjuster-cylinderstherein, a circulating system including the pump, adjuster-cylinder, andcenter of the casing, pump and adjuster-pistons connected respectivelywith the cranked driven shaft and the relatively fixed crankshaft, amagnetic rotor element R and a magnetic stator element S to coacttherewith.

34. In a poWer-transmitting apparatus, the combination of a crankeddriven shaft extending entirely through the apparatus and adapted totransmit the power to its destination from both its ends, a, relativelyfixed crankshaft, a rotary casing having pump and adjuster-cylinderstherein, a circulating system including the pump. adjLister-cylinder,and center of the casing, pump and adjuster-pistons connectedrespectively with the cranked driven shaft and the relatively fixedcrankshaft, and a power device having a rotor element on the casing anda stator element coacting therewith.

35. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a cranked shaftextending entirely through the apparatus, a pump operated by the shaft,a power and speed adjuster, an adjustable crank with which one of theelements of the adjuster is connected, and a system of ducts connectingthe pump and adjuster.

36. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a cranked shaftextending entirely through the apparatus, a pump operated by the shaft,a power and speed adjuster, an adjustable crank with which one of theelements of the adjuster is connected, a system of ducts connecting thepump and adjuster, a magnetic rotor element and a magnetic statorelement coacting therewith substantially as described.

37. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a cranked shaftextending entirely through the apparatus, a pump operated by the shaft,a power and speed adjuster, an adjustable crank with which one of theelements of the adjuster is connected, a system of ducts connecting thepump and adjuster, a power device having a rotor element and a statorelement coacting therewith, substantially as described.

38. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotary casingand a cranked shaft extending entirely through the apparatus beyond eachside of the casing both being arranged in coincident axial alinement, apump, and a power and speed adjuster in said casing, a connectionbetween one of the pump elements and the shaft, an adjustable crank anda connection between one of the adjuster elements and the adjustablecrank, a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the pump to theadjuster, an eccentric for operating said valve, and a connectionbetween said eccentrio and said adjuster-crank.

39. In a power-transmitting apparatus the a combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through the apparatus beyondeach side of the casing both being arranged in coincident axialalinement, a pump, and a power and speed adjuster in said casing, aconnection between one of the pump elements and the shaft, an adjustablecrank and a connection between one of the adjuster elements and theadjustable crank, a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric for operating said valve, a connectionbetween said eccentric and said adjuster-crank, a magnetic rotor elementon the casing and a magnetic stator element coacting therewithsubstantially as described.

40. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through the apparatus beyondeach side of the casing, both being arranged in coincident axialalinement, a pump and a power and speed adjuster in said casing, aconnection between one of the pump elements and the shaft, an adjustablecrank, a connection between one of the adjuster elements and theadjustable crank, a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric for operating said valve a connectionbetween said eccentric and said adjuster-crank, and a power devicehaving a rotor element and a stator element to coact therewithsubstantially as described.

41. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a casing, ashaft extending entirely through the apparatus and beyond each side ofthe casing, both arranged in coincident axial alinement, a pump andpower and speed adjuster in said casing, a connection between one of thepump elements and the shaft, an adjustable crank, a connection betweenone of the adjuster elements and the adjustable crank, a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster, aneccentric for operating said valve, and an operating mechanism for thevalve controlled by the movement of the adjustable crank.

&2. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a casing, ashaft extending entirely through theapparatus and beyond each side ofthe casing, both arranged in coincident axial alinement, a pump andpower and speed adjuster in said casing, a connection between one of thepump elements and the shaft, an adjustable crank, a connection betweenone of the adjuster elements and the adjustable crank, a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster, aneccentric for operating said valve, an operating mechanism for the valvecontrolled by the movement of the adjustable crank, a magnetic rotorelement on the casing and a magnetic stator element coacting therewith;

4:3. in a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a casing, ashaft extending en tirely through the apparatus and beyond each side ofthe casing, both arranged in coincident axial alinement, a pump andpower and speed adjuster in said casing, a connection between one of thepump elements and the shaft, an adjustable crank and a connectionbetween one of the'adjuster elements and the adjustable crank, a valvecontrolling the passage of fluid. from the pump to the adjuster, aneccentric for operating said valve, and operating mechanism for thevalve controlled by the movement of the adjustable crank, and a powerdevice having a rotor element on the casing and a stator element tocoact therewith.

14. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotaryfluid-holding casing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through themechanism and beyond each side of the casing, both arranged incoincident axial alinement, a pump and a power and speed adjusterin saidcasing, a connection between one of the pump elements and the shaft, asecond shaft an adjustable crank on the second shaft in the casing, aconnection between one of the adjuster elements and the adjustable cranka valve controlling the passage of fluid from the pump to the adjuster,an eccentric for operating said valve, a connection between thevalve-operating mechanism and the adjustable crank-operating mechanism,the valve-eccentric being adjustable relatively to the adjustable crank.

&5. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotaryfluid-holding casing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through themechanism and beyond each side of the casing both arranged in coincidentaxial alinement, a pump and a power and speed adjuster in said casing, aconnection between one of the pump elements and the shaft, a secondshaft an adjustable crank on the second shaft in the casing, aconnection between one of the adjuster elements and the adjustablecrank, a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the pump to theadjuster, an eccentric for operating said valve, a connection betweenthe valve-operating mechanism and the adjustable crank-operatingmechanism, the valve-eccentric being adjustable relatively to theadjustable crank, a magnetic rotor element on the casing and a magneticstator element coacting therewith, substantially as described.

' 46. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through the mechanism andbeyond each side of the casing, both arranged in coincident axialalinement, a pump and a power and speed adjuster in said casing, aconnection between one of the pump elements and the shaft, an adjustablecrank, a connection between one of the adjuster elements and theadjustable crank, a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric for operating said valve, a connectionbetween the valve-operating mechanism and the adjustable crank-operatingmechanism, a power device having a rotor element connected with thecasing and a stator element to coact therewith, substantially asdescribed.

47. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extendingcntirely through the casing, a pump insaid casing having its piston connected with the shaft, an adjuster insaid casing embodying a piston, an adjustable crank connected with theadjuster-piston, fluid-circulating passages connecting the pump and theadjuster and the center of the casing, a valve controlling the passageof fluid from the pump to the adjuster, an eccentric for operating thevalve, and connections between the said eccentric and theadjuster-crank.

48. ln a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through the casing, a pump insaid casing having its piston connected with the shaft, an adjuster insaid casing embodying a piston, an adjustable crank connected with theadjuster-piston, fluid-circulating passages connecting the pump and theadjuster and the center of the casing, a valve controlling the passageof fluid from the pump to the adjuster, an eccentric for operating thevalve, connections between the said eccentric and the adjuster-crank, amagnetic rotor element on the casing and a magnetic stator elementcoacting therewith.

49. In a power-transmitting apparatus the combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through the casing, a pump insaid casing having its piston connected with the shaft, an adjuster insaid casing embodying a piston, an adjustable crank connected with theadjuster-piston, fluid-circulating passages connecting the pump and theadjuster and the center of the casing, a valve controlling the passageof fluid from the pump to the adjuster, an eccentric for operating thevalve, connections between the said eccentric and the adj uster-crank,and a power device having a rotor element on the casing and a statorelement to coact therewith.

50. Ina power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary casing,a cranked shaft extending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the casing and a cooperative element of whichis movable and connected with the shaft, a fluid-pressure powerand speedadjuster having one of its elements connected with the casing, acooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which the cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric controlling the operation of said valve, apivotpin on which the eccentric is rotatable, and a connection betweenthe adjuster crank-shaft and the eccentric, whereby the angular adtvance of the eccentric is maintained constanin relation to the virtualcrank of the adjuster.

51. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotarycasing, a cranked shaft extending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the casing and the cooperative element ofwhich is movable and connected with the IIO shaft, a fluid-pressurepower and speed adjuster having one of its elements connected with thecasing, a co(' perating element of the adjuster, a relatively lixed butadjustable cranked shaft with which the cooperating element of theadjuster is connected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluidfrom the pump to the adjuster, an eccentric controlling the operation ofsaid valve, a pivotpin on which the eccentric is rotatable, a connectionbetween the adjuster crank-shaft and the eccentric whereby the angularadvance of the eccentric is maintained constant in rela tion to thevirtual crank of the adjuster. a magnetic rotor element on the casingand a magnetic stator element coacting therewith.

52. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination ofa rotary casing,a cranked shaft extending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-ereating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the casing and a cooperative element of whichis movable and connected with the shaft, a fluid-pressure power andspeed adjuster having one of its elements connected with the casing, acooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which the cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric controlling the operation of said valve, apivot-pin on which the eccentric is rotatable, a connection between theadjuster crank-shaft and the eccentric, whereby the angular advance ofthe eccentric is maintained constant in relation to the virtual crank ofthe adjuster, and a power device having a rotorelernent on the casingand a coacting stator element.

53. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary casingand a shaft extending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the casing and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the shaft, a fluid-pressure powerand speed adjuster having one of its elements connected with the casing,a cooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which the said cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric controlling the operation of said valve, apivotpin on which the eccentric is rotatable, and an' operativeconnection between the adjuster crank-shaft and the eccentricsubstantially as described.

54. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary casinga shaft extending entirely through the casing, a fluid-pressure-creatingdevice such as a pump, one element of which is operatively connectedwith the casing and the cooperating element of which is movable andconnected with the shaft, a fluid-pressure power and speed adjusterhaving one of its elements connected with the casing, a cooperatingelement of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustable crank-shaftwith which the said cooperating element of the adjuster is connected, avalve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pump to theadjuster, an eccentric controlling the operation of said valve, apivotpin on which the eccentric is rotatable, an operative connectionbetween the adjuster crankshaft and the eccentric, and means at bothends of the shaft for transmitting the power to its destination,substantially as described.

55. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotarycasingand a shaft extending entirely through the casing, of afluidpressure-creating device such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the casing and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the shaft, a fluid-pressure powerand speed adjuster having one of its elements connected with the casing.a cooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which the said cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an eccentric controlling the operation of said valve, apivot-pin on which the eccentric is rotatable, an operative connectionbetween the adjuster crank-shaft and the cocentric, a magnetic rotorelement attached to the casing and a magnetic stator element coactingtherewith substantially as described.

56. In a power-transmitting device the combination of a rotary casing, acranked shaft extending entirely through the .casing and centrallythereof, means at both ends of the shaft for transmitting the power toits destination, a pump-cylinder, an adjuster-cylinder having the samecapacity as the pump-cylinder, a cooperating element for the pumpconnected with the shaft, means for varying the relative capacities ofthe pressure-creating cylinder and the adjuster, a valve for controllingthe passage of fluid to and from the cylinders and the center of thecasing and means for rotating the casing substantially as described.

57. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotary casinga shaft extending entirely through the casing, a fluid-pressure-creatingdevice, such as apump, one element of which is operatively connectedwith the shaft and the cooperating element of which is movable andconnected with the casing, a fluid-pressure power and speed adjusterhaving one of its elements connected with the casing, a cooperatingelement of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustable crank-shaftwith which that cooperating element of the adjuster is connected a valvecontrolling the passage of motive fluid from the pump to the adjuster,an internally-toothed eccentric ring controlling the operation of thevalve, a pinion gearing with the teeth of said ring, an operating-shaftfor the said pinion, and an operative connection between the adjustercrank-shaft and the pinion-operating shaft, substantially as described.

58. In a power-transmitting mechanism,the combination of a rotary casinga shaft extending entirely through the casing, a fluid-pressure-creatingdevice, such as a pump, one element of which is operatively connectedwith the shaft and the cooperating element of which is movable andconnected with the casing, a fluid-pressure power and speed adjusterhaving one of its elements connected with the casing, a cooperatingelement of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustable crank-shaftwith which that cooperating element of the adjuster is connected, avalve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pump to theadjuster, an internally-toothed eccentric ring controlling the operationof the valve, a pinion gearing with the teeth of said ring, anoperating-shaft for the pinion, an operative connection between theadjuster crank-shaft and the pinion-operating shaft, and a power devicehaving a rotor element on the casing and a coacting stator'element,substantially as described.

59. In a power-transmitting mechanism, the combination of a rotarycasing, a shaft extending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-creating device, such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the shaft and the cooperatingelement of whichis movable and connected with the casing, a fluid-pressure power andspeed adjuster having oneof its elements connected with the casing, acooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which the said cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an internally-toothed eccentric ring controlling theoperation of the valve, a pinion gearing with the teeth of said ring, anoperating-shaft for the pinion, and an operative connection between theadjuster crank-shaft and the pinion-operating shaft.

60. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotarycasing. a shaft extending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-creating device, such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected With the shaft and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with the easing, a fluid-pressure powerand speed adjuster having one of its elements connected with the casing,a cooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which the said cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an internally-toothed eccentric ring controlling theoperation of the valve, a pinion gearing with the teeth of said ring, anoperating-shaft for the pinion, and an operative connection between theadjuster crankshaft and the pinion-operating shaft.

61. In a power-transmitting mechanism the combination of a rotarycasing, a shaft ex tending entirely through the casing, afluidpressure-creating device, such as a pump, one element of which isoperatively connected with the shaft and the cooperating element ofwhich is movable and connected with t e casing, a fluid-pressure powerand speed adjuster having one of its elements connected with the casing,a cooperating element of the adjuster, a relatively fixed but adjustablecrank-shaft with which that cooperating element of the adjuster isconnected, a valve controlling the passage of motive fluid from the pumpto the adjuster, an internally-toothed eccentric ring controlling theoperation of the valve, a pinion gearing with the teeth of said ring, anoperating-shaft for the pinion, an operative connection between theadjuster crank-shaft and the pinion-operating shaft, an electric rotorelement attached to the easing, and a stator element coacting therewith,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN WILLIAM HALL.

Witnesses:

HAROLD WADE, HARRY BRIDGE.

